Demand for Nonreactive Components for Fuel Cell Balance of Plant

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

To provide a critical evaluation of the status of nonreactive BOP for fuel cell technology, and how recent environmental legislation and technological breakthroughs in materials processing technology will make fuel cells cost competitive with conventional power sources. To address the nonreactive components for fuel cell BOP component materials stability issues, which arise from fuel cell integration. To evaluate the key nonreactive components for fuel cell BOP component properties essential for successful commercialization of fuel cells. To discuss and analyze the status and future supply and demand issues for the major nonreactive BOP component products integrators; and thus provide fuel cell developers with an insight into the dynamics of the fuel cell business. SCOPE OF STUDY

This report contains:

Descriptions of various non-reactive balance of plant (BOP) components for fuel cells including applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, direct alcohol fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, alkaline fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, and metal-air fuel cells
The current market status of BOP components, trends and forecasts for growth over the next 5 years
A detailed patent evaluation covering fuel cell type and geographic distribution
Company profiles of major industry players
A discussion of government environmental/energy regulation issues.

METHODOLOGY

In this report, both historic and current data have been used in the demand analysis. Some information has also been gathered through primary research with leading raw materials producers, convertors, component producers, equipment manufacturers, trade associations, and automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Therefore, the results of the calculations presented here are based on three components: historical analysis of global industrial gases demand in the 2004 to 2007 time frame, estimates for 2007, and forecasted demand for the 2007 to 2012 time frame.

INFORMATION SOURCES

Information sources include trade data (national and international), company publicity literature, conference reports, world trade technical journals, and interviews with company representatives.

ANALYST CREDENTIALS

Edward Gobina is a Full U.K. Professor of Chemical and Processing Engineering and has over 25 years research and teaching experience in catalysis, environmental engineering, petrochemical reaction engineering, and membrane reactor technology. He has been published extensively, with over 100 relevant publications in international scientific journals. In addition, he has been a project analyst for over 10 years and has authored over 20 BCC Research reports covering the entire energy infrastructure chain from LNG, gas sensors, hydrogen, and industrial gases to oil and natural gas exploitation and production. He is also the author of four major patents on membrane-related technologies relating to chemical energy, sensor/monitoring instruments and oil and gas industries. Professor Gobina is a member of the European Membrane Society (EMS), the North American Membrane Society (NAMS) and the New York Academy of Sciences (NYAS). He is the current director of the Centre for Process Integration and Membrane Technology (CPIMT) within the School of Engineering at the Robert Gordon University in the U.K.

Chapter 1 - SUMMARY
- Summary Table: NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BALANCE OF PLANT MARKET PENETRATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Summary Figure: NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BALANCE OF PLANT MARKET PENETRATION, 2004-2012($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 2 - INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
- INTRODUCTION
Figure 1 GENERAL SCHEMATIC OF A FUEL CELL POWER TEST AND INSTRUMENTATION LOCATIONS
Figure 2SCHEMATIC OF NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS INTEGRATION WITH THE FUEL CELL POWER STACK
- IMPORTANCE OF NON REACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP
Figure 3 THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
- FUEL CELL MATERIAL HANDLING AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Figure 4 SCHEMATIC OF A FUEL CELL MATERIAL HANDLING AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INTEGRATION WITH THE FUEL CELL STACK
- MINIMIZATION OF CELL RESISTIVITIES
- IONIC CONDUCTIVITIES
- SUBSTRATE MATERIAL
- BIPOLAR PLATE
NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR VARIOUS FUEL CELLS
- PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
Figure 5 DETAILS OF MAJOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR PEMFC BOP
- DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
Figure 6 SCHEMATIC OF A DMFC DETAILING THE MAJOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR BOP
- SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
- ZINC AIR FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
Figure 7 SOFC SYSTEM WITH MAJOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
- MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
Figure 8 SCHEMATIC OF A MCFC WITH MAJOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
- ALKALINE FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
- OVERVIEW OF NONREACTIVE BOP INDUSTRY ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE
Figure 9 BOP IN A FUEL CELL MATERIAL HANDLING AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT
Table 1 OVERVIEW OF NONREACTIVE BOP SUBSYSTEMS FOR FUEL CELLS
Table 1 (CONTINUED)
Table 1 (CONTINUED)
- REACTANT DELIVERY SYSTEM
  - Liquid Reactant Delivery
  - Air Delivery
Figure 10AIR DELIVERY SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM
- Hydrogen Storage
Figure 11 TYPICAL HYDROGEN STORAGE LAYOUT
- HIGH PRESSURE CIRCUIT
- MOTIVE PRESSURE CIRCUIT
- FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM
  - Purge Circuit
- WATER MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM
Figure 12GENERAL LAYOUT OF A HUMIDIFIER SYSTEM
- STACK COOLING SYSTEM
- Main Coolant Loop
- Bypass Filtration Loop
- HEAT MANAGEMENT (COOLING) SYSTEM
Figure 13 THE HEAT MANAGEMENT (COOLING) SYSTEM
- HEATING, VENTING, AND AIR CONDITIONING (HAVC) SYSTEM
Figure 14 THE HVAC SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM
- LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Figure 15 THE LIBRICATION SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM
- HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Figure 16 THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM
- RADIATOR FAN CIRCUIT
- POWER CONDITIONING SYSTEM
Figure 17 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Figure 18 SCHEMATIC OF A FUEL CELL POWER TRAIN (A) OVERALL SCHEME AND (B) ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS BETWEEN STACK, BATTERIES AND LOAD WITH LOCATION OF SENSORS
- SYSTEM CONTROLS
Figure 18 FUEL CELL CONTROL SYSTEM
- DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM (DAQ)
- LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM
- LEAK SENSORS
- LEAK INDICATORS AND JUNCTION BOX
FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
- FIRE SENSORS AND THERMAL WIRE
- FIRE RETARDANT TANKS AND NOZZLES
SOFTWARE
- COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
Figure 19COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
- MARKET PENETRATION BY PRODUCT CATEGORY
Table 2 OVERVIEW OF DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- STORAGE MARKET PENETRATION
Table 3 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR STORAGE IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- SUPPLY AND DELIVERY MARKET PENETRATION
Table 4 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR SUPPLY AND DELIVERY IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP ($ MILLIONS)
- DISTRIBUTION MARKET PENETRATION
Table 5 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTION IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 6 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR POWER IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP ($ MILLIONS)
- INSTRUMENTS MARKET PENETRATION
Table 7 OVERVIEW OF MARKET FOR INSTRUMENTS IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- FLUID AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT MARKET PENETRATION
Table 8 MARKET FOR FLUID AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP ($ MILLIONS)
- IMPORTANT INDICATIONS AND COST REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP
- COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGERS
- OPPORTUNITIES FOR CERAMICS
- LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS
- SYSTEM INTEGRATION
Figure 20 FUEL CELL COST MIGRATION PATH*
Table 9 FUEL CELL STACK DURABILITY
- FREEZE START CAPABILITY
Table 10 FUEL CELL STACK FREEZE START CAPABILITY (SECONDS TO 50% POWER)
Table 10 (CONTINUED)
- VOLUMETRIC POWER DENSITY
Table 11 FUEL CELL STACK POWER DENSITY (WATTS NET/LITRE, END-OF-LIFE)
- STACK POWER DENSITY
Table 12 FUEL CELL STACK POWER DENSITY ($/WATTS NET)
- OVERVIEW OF COMPANY ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGICAL EXPERTISE
Table 13 OVERVIEW OF MAJOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENT COMPANY EXPERTISE
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
Table 13 (CONTINUED)
- HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY
- COST-THE MAJOR HURDLE
- WORKFORCE
- AMERICA AND THE WORLD
Table 14 OVERVIEW OF AMERICA AND THE WORLD DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS IN FUEL CELL BOP, 2004-2012 (% UNITS DEVELOPED)
- EFFECT OF NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP AND THE FUTURE
Table 15 END-USE APPLICATION OF VARIOUS FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES
- THE FUTURE
  - THE FUTURE (CONTINUED)
Figure 21FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS INDUSTRY
Chapter 3 - LEGISLATION AND REGULATION
- INTRODUCTION
- THE BEACHES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND COASTAL HEALTH ACT OF 2000
- THE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE OF 1970
- THE INTEGRATED POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL DIRECTIVE
- TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEMS
- TREAD ACT OF 2000
- THE BIOTERRORISM ACT OF 2002
- THE UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE
- CLEAN AIR ACT
- NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT OF 1969
- THE CLEAN MERCURY RULE
- CLEAR SKIES INITIATIVE
- INDIVIDUAL STATES INITIATIVES
- U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY FINAL PARTICULATE RULE
- FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT OF 1973
- ARSENIC RULE
- ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 2005
- CLEAN COAL POWER INITIATIVE ACT OF 2005
- CLEAN WATER ACT
- SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT
- RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT OF 1976
- COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, AND LIABILITY ACT OF 1980
- STATE OF CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD ADOPTS NEW EMISSIONS REGULATIONS
- THE FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT OF 1977
Chapter 4 - FUEL CELL INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE RATES
- INTRODUCTION
- MARKET STRUCTURE
Figure 22 THE FUEL CELL MARKET STRUCTURE AND ROLE OF BOP COMPONENTS
- GLOBAL MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND COMPETITIVE RATES
- GLOBAL ECONOMIC GROWTH
  - United States
  - Canada
  - Europe
  - Asia
  - Southeast Asia
  - China
  - South America
  - Brazil
  - Argentina
  - Africa/Middle East
Table 16 OVERVIEW AND FORECAST OF WORLDWIDE GDP, 2003-2012
- OVERVIEW OF THE METAL MARKET
  - Steel
  - Nickel
Table 17 OVERVIEW OF NICKEL AND STEEL METAL PRICES, 2002-2006 (INDEX: JANUARY, 1998 = 1.0)
- Aluminum
- Copper
- Cobalt
- Zinc
- Tin
- Chromium
- Molybdenum
Table 18 RELATED METAL PRICES, THROUGH 2008 ($/LB OR TROY OUNCE)
OVERVIEW OF THE PLASTICS/ POLYMER MARKET
Figure 23 PLASTIC PRICES
- LDPE
- LLDPE
- HDPE
- PP
- GPPS
Table 19 MAJOR PLASTICS/ POLYMER PRICES, THROUGH, THROUGH 2008 ($/MT)
COST OF MAJOR FOSSIL-BASED ENERGY FEEDSTOCKS
- Natural Gas
- Petroleum
- Coal
Table 20 FOSSIL-BASED FEEDSTOCK COSTS, THROUGH 2012
COST OF MAJOR BIO-BASED ENERGY FEEDSTOCKS
- Biomass
- Biofuel Feedstocks
Table 21 OVERVIEW OF BIO-BASED FEEDSTOCK COSTS, THROUGH 2013
- INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES
Table 22 INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES, THROUGH 2006
- NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BALANCE OF PLANT (BOP) COMMERCIALIZATION
Table 23 NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR BALANCE OF PLANT BY TYPE OF FUEL CELL, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- COMPARISON OF FUEL CELL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AND THE NEED FOR BOP COMPONENTS
  - Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)
  - Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
  - Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC)
  - Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC)
  - Zinc-Air Fuel Cell (ZAFC)
Table 24 COMPARISON OF FUEL CELLS OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AND END-USES
Table 24 (CONTINUED)
Table 24 (CONTINUED)
Table 24 (CONTINUED)
- IMPORTANCE OF FUEL CELL SYSTEM ASSEMBLY/INSTALLATION
  - Fuel Cell Stack
  - Fuel Processor
  - Balance-of-Plant
  - Balance-of-Plant (Continued)
Table 25 IMPORTANCE OF FUEL CELL BOP BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, THROUGH 2012 ($/KILOWATT)
- COMMERCIAL MARKET PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
Table 26 TYPICAL COMMERCIAL FUEL CELL PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS AND COSTS, 2007
- Table 26 (CONTINUED)
- Table 26 (CONTINUED)
  - BUSINESS MODEL
Figure 27 FUEL CELL COMPANY BUSINESS MODEL
- END-USE MARKET ENTRY OPPORTUNITIES
  - Stationary Power Stations
  - Portable Devices
  - Transportation
  - Domestic/ Residential
Table 27 FUEL CELLS END-USE MATRIX
- PROFITABILITY AND INVESTMENT FOCUS
Table 28 COMPANY PROFITABILITY FOR FUEL CELLS INFRASTRUCTURE COMPANIES, THROUGH 2006 (NET LOSSES $MILLIONS)
Table 29 COMPANY PROFITABILITY FOR FUEL CELLS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATORS, THROUGH 2006 (REVENUES $MILLIONS)
Figure 25 FUEL CELL COMPANY INVESTMENT FOCUS
- MARKET ENTRY OPPURTUNITIES AND IMPORTANT SHIFTS/GROWTH DRIVERS
  - Energy Prices
  - Environmental Legislation
  - Technology
  - Cost Declines
  - Power Quality
  - National Security
  - Outsourcing
  - Test Code
Figure 26 MARKET ENTRY OPPURTUNITIES FOR FUEL CELLS: PRODUCTS CHARACTERISTICS
- SALES, GROWTH, AND INVESTMENTS
Figure 27 BCC RESEARCH CAGRESSIVE AND MODERATE FUEL CELL REVENUE PATHWAYS
- GLOBAL INVESTMENT FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BALANCE-OF-PLANT
Table 30 GLOBAL INVESTMENT FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BALANCE-OF-PLANT ($ MILLIONS)
- WIDESPREAD APPLICATIONS
  - Stationary
  - Residential
  - Transportation
  - Portable Power
  - Indoor Power
Table 31 COMMERCIALIZATION STAGES FOR A TYPICAL FUEL CELL COMPANY*
- EARLY MARKET SALES
Table 32 GLOBAL FUEL CELL END-USE MARKET SEGMENT SALES GROWTH BY VALUE, THROUGH 2012, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- MARKET ENTRY AND BARRIERS
Figure 28 THE NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP MATERIALS PLAYGROUND
- MARKET DEFINITIONS
  - FUEL CELL INFRASTRUCTURE
  - STACK AND SUPPORT (BOP) FUNCTIONS
  - COMPACT
  - MICRO
Table 33 TIMELINES FOR FUEL CELLS MARKET ENTRY
Table 33 (CONTINUED)
- FINANCIAL CHALLENGES
  - PUBLIC MARKETS
  - LARGE INVESTORS
  - VENTURE CAPITAL INDUSTRY
Figure 29 FUEL CELL BASED MARKET FORECAST
- CUSTOMER BASE AND REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION IN PRIVATE R&D SPENDING FOR FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE
Table 34 REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION IN PRIVATE FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN R&D INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING ($ MILLION)
- COMPANY MARKET SHARES, ENGINEERING CAPABILITIES, AND TECHNOLOGICAL EXPERTISE
  - Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs)
  - Revamping Car Design-AUTOnomy
  - Tier One Suppliers
  - Substrate Suppliers
  - Materials Integrity Companies
  - Fuel Cell Integrators
  - Software and Data Acquisition
Table 35 ENGINEERING EXPERTISE FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENT SUPPLIERS BY MARKET SHARE (%)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
Table 35 (CONTINUED)
- CONCENTRATED INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
  - CONCENTRATED REVENUE
Table 36 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PROCESS MONITORING DEVICES CONCENTRATION BY COMPANY REVENUE, THROUGH 2006 ($ MILLIONS)
- CONCENTRATED PEM FUEL CELL
Table 37 CONCENTRATED PEMFC NONREACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT COMPONENTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- CONCENTRATED NONREACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT COMPONENTS BY GEOGRAPHY
  - Large Stationary
  - Small Stationary
  - Portable
Table 38 CONCENTRATED NONREACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT COMPONENTS BY GEOGRAPHY. 2004-2007 (% FUEL CELL UNITS DEVELOPED)
- CONCENTRATED NONREACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT COMPONENTS BY END USE
  - Large Stationary Market
  - Small Stationary Market
  - Transportation Market
    - Transportation Market (Continued)
- Portable Market
Table 39 CONCENTRATED END-USE APPLICATION FOR FUEL CELLS, 2004-2012 (%)
Table 40 ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS' CURRENT TIMETABLE FOR LAUNCH, 2012-2015
- COMPANY RESULTS AND PROFILES
  - ABB ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS
  - AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES
  - AMETEK
  - ATMI
  - CALGON CARBON
  - DONALDSON
  - EMERSON PROCESS MANAGEMENT
  - ENGELHARD
  - GE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS
  - GE SECURITY
  - HEWLETT-PACKARD
  - HIDEN ANALYTICAL
  - HITACHI INSTRUMENTS
  - INVENSYS
  - JASCO
  - JOHNSON MATTHEY
  - MOLECULAR TECHNOLOGY GMBH
  - PERKINELMER
  - OXFORD INSTRUMENTS
  - PALL
  - PARKER HANNIFIN
  - RUDOLF INSTRUMENTS
  - SIEMENS
  - SMITHS DETECTION
  - SPECTRO ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS
  - SPECTROLAB
  - TELEDYNE INSTRUMENTS-LEEMAN LABS
  - THERMO ELECTRON
  - TRACEDETECT
  - VARIAN
  - WONDERWARE
Table 41 COMPANY RESULTS FOR NONREACTIVE BALANCE-OF-PLANT PRODUCERS, WORLDWIDE REVENUES, THROUGH 2006 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 41 (CONTINUED)
Table 41 (CONTINUED)
- COMPANY RESULTS FOR MAJOR ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS
  - Daimler
  - Ford
  - General Motors
  - Mazda Motor Corp
  - Mitsubishi Motors Corp
  - Nissan Motor Co., Ltd
  - Toyota
  - Volkswagen AG
Table 42 COMPANY RESULTS FOR MAJOR ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS, THROUGH 2006 ($BILLIONS/YEAR)
- COMPANY RESULTS FOR FUEL CELL INTEGRATORS
  - Astris Energy
  - Ballard Power Systems Inc
  - Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd
  - Ceres Power Holdings Plc
  - CMR Fuel Cells plc
  - Electric Fuel Corporation
  - FuelCell Energy Inc.
  - Manhattan Scientifics Inc
  - Millenium Cell Inc.
  - Pacific Fuel Cell Corp
  - Plug Power
  - PolyFuel Inc
  - Power Air Corporation
  - Metallic Power
  - United Technologies
Table 43 COMPANY RESULTS FOR FUEL CELLS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATORS, THROUGH 2006 (REVENUES $MILLIONS)
Table 43 (CONTINUED)
- COMPANY RESULTS FOR FUEL CELL INFRASTRUCTURE COMPANIES
  - Alternate Energy Corp
  - Distributed Energy Systems
  - Dynetek Industries Ltd
  - QuestAir Technologies Inc
  - Voller Energy Group plc
Table 44 MARKET PERFORMANCE FOR FUEL CELL INFRASTRUCTURE COMPANIES, THROUGH 2006 (REVENUES $MILLIONS)
Chapter 5 - DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP APPLICATIONS
- INTRODUCTION
  - INTRODUCTION (CONTINUED)
Table 45 FUEL CELL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 45 (CONTINUED)
- DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR DIRECT METHANOL/ALCOHOL FUEL CELL (DAFC/DMFC) BOP
Table 46 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR DAFC/DMFC APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL (PEMFC) BOP
Table 47 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR PEMFC APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELL (PAFC) BOP
Table 48 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR PAFC APPLICATIONS. THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 48 (CONTINUED)
- DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL BOP
Table 49 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR MCFC BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 49 (CONTINUED)
- DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR ALKALINE FUEL CELL BOP
Table 50 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR AFC BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL BOP
Table 51 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR SOFC BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 51 (CONTINUED)
DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR ZINC AIR FUEL CELL BOP
Table 52 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR ZAFC BY APPLICATIONM, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
VOLUME II
Chapter 6 - DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP BY PODUCT
- INTRODUCTION
  - INTRODUCTION (CONTINUED)
Table 53 DEMAND FOR NON REACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BALANCE OF PLANT BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 53 (CONTINUED)
- DEMAND FOR TANKS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Fixed Roof Tanks
    - Fixed Roof Tanks (Continued)
- External Floating Roof Tanks
- Internal Floating Roof Tanks
- Variable Vapor Space Tanks
- Pressure Tanks
- Cryogenic Tanks
Figure 30 CRYOGENIC HYDROGEN STORAGE TANK
Table 54 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT TANKS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR ENCLOSURE BY TECHNOLOGY
  - ABS or Polycarbonate Enclosures
  - Polyester Enclosures
  - Stainless Steel Enclosures
  - Aluminum Enclosures
  - Ceramic Enclosures
Table 55 DEMAND FOR NON REACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT ENCLOSURES, THROUGH 2102 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR PUMPS BY TECHNOLOGY
- Vane Pumps
- Diaphragm or Membrane Pumps
Figure 31 DIAPHRAGM OR MEMBRANE PUMP
Table 56 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BALANCE OF PLANT PUMPS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR BLOWERS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Confined Space Blower
  - Fan Wheel Blowers
  - Positive Displacement/Rotary Blowers
Table 57 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP BLOWERS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR FANS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Axial Fans
  - Centrifugal Fans
Table 58 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP FANS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR COMPRESSORS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Sliding (Rotary) Vane Compressor
  - Reciprocating Compressor
  - Rotary Screw Compressor
Table 59 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP COMPRESSORS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR PIPES, VALVES, FITTINGS & LIQUID LEAK DETECTION BY TECHNOLOGY
Table 60 DEMAND FOR DISTRIBUTION BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Piping
- Metal Piping
- Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Piping
- Flexible Piping
- Single Wall within a Carrier Pipe
Figure 32 SINGLE WALL WITHIN A CARRIER PIPE
- Coaxial Pipe
Table 61 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP PIPING BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- VALVES AND FITTINGS
Figure 33 GAS FLOW AND MIXING INCLUDING NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS
Figure 34 CONFIGURATION OF CHECK VALVES
Table 62 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP FITTINGS BY TYPE THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- FITTINGS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Colder Quick Disconnect Couplings
  - Flexible Fittings
Figure 35 A TYPICAL SWING-JOINT AND FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR
Table 63 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP FITTINGS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- LIQUID LEAK DETECTION BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Mass Balance Leak Detectors
  - Mechanical Line Liquid Detectors
  - Optical Leak Detectors
  - Ultrasonic Liquid Leak Detectors
Table 64 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR LIQUID LEAK MONITORING DEVICE PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- INSTRUMENTS BY TECHNOLOGY
Table 65 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE INSTRUMENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP, THROUGH 2012
Table 65 (CONTINUED)
- LEVEL INSTRUMENTS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Visual
  - Floats/ Displacer
  - Hydrostatic Devices
Figure 36 DISPLACEMENT LEVEL GAUGES
Figure 37 BUBBLER-TYPE LEVEL MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES
- Differential Pressure (DP)
Figure 38 DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE MONITORING TECHNOLOGY
- Load Cells
- Magnetic Level Gauges
Figure 39 MAGNETIC LEVEL MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES
- Capacitance Transmitters
Figure 40 CAPACITIVE LEVEL MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES
- Magnetostrictive Level Transmitters
Figure 41 MAGNETOSTRICTIVE LEVEL TRANSMITTERS
- Sonic/ Ultrasonic Level Transmitters
Figure 42 ULTRASONIC LEVEL TRANSMITTERS
- Laser Level Transmitters
Figure 43 LASER TRANSMITTING TECHNOLOGY
- Radar Level Transmitters
Figure 44 GUIDED-WAVES RADAR TECHNOLOGY
Table 66 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR LEVEL MONITORING PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- FLUID FLOWMETERING BY TECHNOLOGY
Table 67 GLOBAL MARKET FOR FLOWMETERS BY TECHNOLOGY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- TRADITIONAL FLUID FLOWMETERING TECHNOLOGY
  - Differential Pressure
  - Positive Displacement
  - Turbine
  - Open Channel
  - Variable Area
Table 68 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TRADITIONAL FLOWMETER BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- NEW TECHNOLOGY FLOWMETERING TECHNOLOGY
  - Coriolis
  - Magnetic
  - Ultrasonic
  - Vortex
  - Multivariable Differential Pressure
  - Thermal Mass
Table 69 DEMAND FOR NEW TECHNOLOGY FLOWMETER, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- PRESSURE MONITORING BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Diaphragm Sensor
  - Differential Pressure Sensor
Figure 45 A DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SENSOR
- OTHERS
  - Bellows Sensor
Figure 46 BELLOWS PRESSURE SENSOR
- Piezoelectric Sensors
Figure 47 A PIEZOELECTRIC PRESSURE SENSOR
- Capacitance Sensors
- Variable Reluctance/ Inductance Sensors
- Ultra-Low Pressure Sensor
- Bourdon Tube Sensors
Figure 48 A SPIRAL TUBE BOURDON TUBE
Table 70 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR PRESSURE MONITORING PRODUCTS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- HUMIDITY/ MOISTURE MONITORING BY TECHNOLOGY
Figure 49 A TYPICAL DEWPOINT HUMIDIFIER FUEL CELL SYSTEM
- Mechanical
- Wet and Dry Bulb
- Electrical Impedance
- Color Change
Table 71 DEMAND FOR HUMIDITY/MOISTURE MONITORING PRODUCT BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- TEMPERATURE MONITORING BY TECHNOLOGY
- Thermistors
- Resistance Temperature Detector
- Thermocouples
Table 72 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TEMPERATURE MONITORING DEVICES BY TYPE OF SENSOR, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
GENERAL PURPOSE CONTROL SYSTEM INSTRUMENTATION BY TECHNOLOGY
Table 73 GLOBAL MARKET FOR GENERAL PURPOSE CONTROL SYSTEM BY SECTOR, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
PROCESS LIQUID QUALITY MONITORING BY TECHNOLOGY
- pH Controllers
- Conductivity
- Dissolved Oxygen
- Viscosity
Figure 50 VISCOMETER
- Density
Figure 51 DIAGRAM OF A DENSITY SENSOR
- OTHER/TRANSMITTERS
Table 74 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR PROCESS LIQUID QUALITY MONITORING DEVICE PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- GAS DETECTORS/ANALYZERS BY SENSOR TECHNOLOGY
  - Infrared Gas Sensors
  - Fourier Transform Infrared Analyzers
  - NDIR Technology
  - Catalytic Gas Sensors
  - Gas Chromatographs
  - Flame Ionization Detection Technology
  - Thermal Conductive Analyzers
  - Electron Capture Detector (ECD)
  - Photoionization Detector (PID)
  - Flame Photometric Detector (FPD)
  - Electrochemical Sensor
  - Paramagnetic Sensors
  - Solid State Sensors
  - Ultraviolet Sensors
  - Chemiluminescence
  - Mass Spectrometry
Table 75 DEMAND FOR GAS ANALYZER/DETECTORS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS/YEAR)
- SOFTWARE/ OTHER CONTROLS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Software/Other Controls by Technology (Continued)
Figure 52 SCHEMATIC OF AN INTEGRATED FUEL CELL TESTING SYSTEM
- Advanced Process Control Software
- Alarm Management Software
- Asset Management Software
- Batch Control Software
- Calibration Management Software
- Design/Documentation Software
- Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Software
- Loop Tuning Software
- Neural Networks Software
- Process Control Software
- PLC Programming Software
- Scada Software
- Simulation Software
Table 76 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE SOFTWARE FOR FUEL CELL BOP, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 76 (CONTINUED)
- POWER CONVERSION BY TECHNOLOGY
  - DC/AC Converters
  - Grid Connection
  - Frequency Converters
Table 77 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE POWER CONVERSION BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- MOTORS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Split Phase Motor
  - Capacitor Start Motor
Table 78 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP MOTORS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- FILTERS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Water Filters
  - Air Filters
Table 79 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE FILTERS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- SEALS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - High Temperature Seals
  - Low/Moderate Temperature Seals
  - Low/Moderate (Continued)
Table 80 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP SEAL BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- SPRAY NOZZLES/ INJECTORS BY TECHNOLOGY
  - High Velocity Nozzles
  - Pipe Nozzles
  - Magnetic Nozzles
  - Spray Nozzles
  - Air-Aspirating Nozzle
  - Shaping Nozzles
Table 81 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP INJECTORS/SPRAY NOZZLES BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- HEAT EXCHANGERS/CONDENSERS BY TECHNOLOGY
Figure 53 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
- Straight Tube, Fixed Tubesheet
- Removable Bundle, Externally Sealed Floating Tubesheet
- Removable Bundle, Outside Packed Floating Head
- Removable Bundle, Floating Head with Backing Device
- Removable Bundle, Pull-Through Floating Head
- Removable Bundle, U-Tube
Table 82 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP HEAT EXCHANGERS/CONDENSERS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- INSULATION/ HEAT CONTAINMENT BY TECHNOLOGY
  - Calcium Silicate
  - Glass
  - Fibrous
  - Cellular
  - Mineral Fiber (Rock and Slag Wool)
  - Expanded Silica (or Perlite)
  - Elastomeric
  - Foamed Plastic
  - Refractory Fiber
  - Insulating Cement
Table 83 DEMAND FOR NONREACTIVE BOP INSULATION/HEAT CONTAINMENT BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Table 84 PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
Table 84 (CONTINUED)
- PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS/IMPORTANT APPROACHES
  - Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell Nonreactive Components for Balance-of-Plant
  - Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Enabling Materials
  - Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Enabling Materials
  - Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Enabling Materials
  - Alkaline Fuel Cell Enabling Materials
  - Zinc Air Fuel Cell Enabling Materials
  - Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Enabling Materials
Table 85 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS/APPROACHES
Table 85 (CONTINUED)
Table 85 (CONTINUED)
Table 85 (CONTINUED)
Table 85 (CONTINUED)
Table 85 (CONTINUED)
Table 85 (CONTINUED)
- PROCESS/APPLICATIONS
Table 86 PROCESSES/APPLICATIONS
Table 86 (CONTINUED)
Table 86 (CONTINUED)
Table 86 (CONTINUED)
Table 86 (CONTINUED)
- TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT/MODIFICATION OF ENABLING MATERIALS/COMPONENTS FOR FUELS CELLS BALANCE-OF-PLANT
  - Computer Hardware
  - Computer Software
  - Communication Standards
  - High Performance Oxide Fibers
  - Strengthening Mechanisms
    - Nanofibers as a Dispersed Phase in PMCs
  - Preparation of Interfaces
  - Impregnation and Cure Methods
- SENSORS
  - Electronic Tactile Force and Pressure Indicating Sensor
  - Hydrogen Sensors
  - Low-Cost Carbon and Hydrogen Gas Sensors
- ENABLING MATERIALS
  - Improved Polymer/Solid-Electrolyte Membrane Materials for Fuel Cells
  - Solid Acids
  - Integrated Powder-Discovery Production Platform
  - Graphite
  - Thermoplastics
- NON REACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELLS BALANCE OF PLANT TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATORS
- Table 87 MARKET PERFORMANCE FOR FUEL CELLS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATORS, THROUGH 2012 (MARKET CAPITALIZATION-$ MILLIONS)
  - PATENTS EVALUATION
- Table 88 TOTAL INTERNATIONAL PATENTS, BASED ON ORIGINAL COUNTRY OF APPLICATION, THROUGH 2006
Table 88 (CONTINUED)
- FUEL CELL PATENT ANALYSIS
- U.S. AND WO PATENTS FOR FUEL CELLS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
Table 89 U.S. AND WO PATENTS FOR FUEL CELLS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2006 (NUMBER)
- MAIN FUEL CELLS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
Table 90 PATENTS FOR THE MAIN FUEL CELLS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, 1999-2006 (%)
- GEOGRAPHICAL BREAKDOWN
Table 91 GEOGRAPHICAL SPREAD OF PATENTS FOR FUEL CELLS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, 1999-2002 (%)
MAJOR PLAYERS
Table 92BCC RESEARCH REVIEW OF PUBLISHED PATENTS FOR AUGUST 15, 2006 TO SEPTEMBER 5, 2006
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
Table 92 (CONTINUED)
- RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SPENDING BY MAJOR NONREACTIVE COMPONENT COMPANIES
  - FUEL CELL NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS
    - Cytec Industries
    - Ferro
    - H.B. Fuller
    - Rohm and Haas
Table 93 TOTAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SPENDING BY MAJOR COMPANIES, THROUGH 2006 ($BILLIONS)
Table 93 (CONTINUED)
- FUEL CELLS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATORS
- POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS
  - Millennium Cell Inc
  - Pacific Fuel Cell Corp
  - Plug Power
- SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
  - Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd
  - Ceres Power Holdings plc
- PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELL
  - United Technologies
- DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS
  - CMR Fuel Cells plc
  - Manhattan Scientifics Inc
  - PolyFuel Inc
  - ALKALINE FUEL CELLS
  - Astris Energy Inc
  - MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS
    - FuelCell Energy Inc.
- ZINC AIR FUEL CELLS
  - Electric Fuel Corporation (EFCX)
  - Metallic Power Inc
  - Power Air Corporation
Table 94 RESERACH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING FOR FUEL CELLS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATORS, THROUGH 2006 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 94 (CONTINUED)
- FUEL CELLS INFRASTRUCTURE COMPANIES
  - Alternate Energy Corp
  - Distributed Energy Systems
  - Dynetek Industries Ltd
  - QuestAir Technologies Inc
  - Voller Energy Group plc
Table 95 RESERACH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING FOR FUEL CELL INFRASTRUCTURE COMPANIES ($ MILLIONS)
- LEADERS IN RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Table 96 SELECTED ORGANIZATIONS FUNDED BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Table 96 CONTINUED)
- GOVERNMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING BY REGION/COUNTRY
Table 97 GLOBAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SPENDING BY REGION ($BILLIONS)
SOURCE OF GLOBAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT FUNDS BY COUNTRY (2005)
Table 98 SOURCE OF GLOBAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT FUNDS BY COUNTRY, 2005 (%)
Table 98 (CONTINUED)
- PRIVATE CAPITAL SPENDING
- CHEMICAL AND MATERIAL COMPANIES
- Chemical and Material Companies (Continued)
- ABB
- Ahlstrom
- ATMI
- Donaldson
- Engelhard
Table 99 CAPITAL SPENDING BY NONREACTIVE BOP COMPANIES ($ MILLION/YEAR)
Table 99 (CONTINUED)
Table 99 (CONTINUED)
Table 99 (CONTINUED)
- TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES IN NONREACTIVE BOP COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL COMMERCIALIZATION
Figure 54NONREACTIVE FUEL CELL BOP TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES AREAS
- TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FOR PORTABLE END-USE
  - Low Power consisted of PEM applications in the sub-Watt to 50 W-range
  - High Power, SOFCs in the 50 W to 5 kW-range
Table 100 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS FOR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
- TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FOR STATIONARY AND DISTRIBUTED END-USE
Table 101 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS FOR STATIONARY AND DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS
- TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FOR TRANSPORTATION END-USE
Table 102 DEVELOPMENT NEEDS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS
Table 102 (CONTINUED)
- TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FOR FUEL PROCESSING
Table 103 TECHNOLOGY NEEDS FOR FUEL PROCESSORS
- TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES TO ACHIEVE DOE RELIBILITY AND DURABILITY GOALS
Table 104 DEVELOPMENT NEEDS BY ALL FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES TO ACHIEVE RELIABILITY AND DURABILITY GOALS
Table 105 APPLICATION SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENT NEEDS TO ACHIEVE RELIABILITY AND DURABILITY GOALS
- THE OVERLAPS AND COMMONALITIES IN TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FOR VARIOUS FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS
Table 106 DEVELOPMENT NEEDS COMMON TO ALL FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS
Table 107 DEVELOPMENT NEEDS COMMON TO SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES
Chapter 7 - INTERNATIONAL
- INTRODUCTION
Table 108 SELECTION OF MAJOR HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELL FUNDED ACTIVITIES WORLDWIDE
- U.S. GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR FUEL CELL COMMERCIALIZATION
  - Funding Methods
  - Core Technology Development and Supporting Initiatives
  - Public-Private Cooperative Partnerships
  - Stationary and Distributed Generation Partnership
  - Transportation and Infrastructure Partnership
  - Transportation and (Continued)
  - HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY (ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT)
  - Production and Delivery
  - Storage
  - Infrastructure Validation
  - FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY (INTERIOR AND RELATED AGENCIES)
  - Transportation Systems
  - Distributed Energy Systems
  - Fuel Processor R&D
  - Stack Component R&D
  - Technology Validation
Table 109 H.R. 6 U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FUNDING, 2004-2008 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 109 (CONTINUED)
Table 109 (CONTINUED)
- THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA
- THE EUROPEAN UNION
  - UNITED KINGDOM
  - GERMANY
  - FRANCE
- ASIA
  - JAPAN
  - CHINA
  - SINGAPORE
  - SOUTH KOREA
Table 110REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION IN GOVERNMENT SPENDING FOR FUEL CELLS COMMERCIALIZATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP
Table 111 INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Table 111 (CONTINUED)
- GLOBAL IMPORTS
Table 112 GLOBAL IMPORTS OF NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- EXPORTS
Table 113 GLOBAL EXPORTS OF NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- GLOBAL APPARENT CONSUMPTION
Table 114 APPARENT GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF NONREACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR FUEL CELL BOP BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 8 - COMPANY PROFILES
- ASSOCIATIONS/ REGULATORY AGENCIES
  - ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS ASSOCIATION (OESA)
  - THE AMERICAN COUNCIL FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY (ACRE)
  - THE U.S. FUEL CELL COUNCIL
  - AMERICAN COUNCIL OF ENGINEERING COMPANIES
  - THE SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (SOCMA)
  - ELECTRONICS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (EMA)
  - THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN STEEL ENGINEERS
  - GASES AND WELDING DISTRIBUTORS ASSOCIATION
  - THE CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
  - THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION (OSHRC)
  - THE PARTNERSHIP FOR A NEW GENERATION OF VEHICLES (PNGV)
  - The Partnership(Continued)
  - THE NATIONAL HYDROGEN ASSOCIATION (NHA)
  - THE CALIFORNIA FUEL CELL PARTNERSHIP
  - AMERICAN COUNCIL FOR AN ENERGY-EFFICIENT ECONOMY
  - ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURING AND COIL WINDING ASSOCIATION
  - THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)
  - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF FOSSIL ENERGY
  - THE CANADIAN HYDROGEN ASSOCIATION (CHA)
- AIR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
  - ADSORPTION CHILLER
  - VAIREX CORPORATION
  - ANALYZERS
  - VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC.
- APPLIANCES TESTING SYSTEMS
  - ASHBY CROSS COMPANY, INC.
- AUTOMATION AND PROCESS CONTROLS
  - BODINE ASSEMBLY AND TEST SYSTEMS
- AUTOMOTIVE AND TRANSPORTATION
  - BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, LLC
  - DAIMLERCHRYSLER CORP.
  - DAIMLERCHRYSLER CORP.
  - GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION
  - DRIVING CLOSER TO REINVENTING THE AUTOMOBILE, GENERAL MOTORS CORP. REVEALED A LOOK AT HY-WIRE, THE WORLD' S FIRST DRIVABLE VEHICLE THAT COMBINES A HYDROGEN FUEL CELL WITH BY-WIRE TECHNOLOGY.
  - NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION (NASA)
- CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM
  - BASF CORP.
THE HYDROGEN IN THE CARTRIDGE WOULD BE SUBJECT TO 10 TIMES ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE-ABOUT THE SAME LEVEL AS IN A BUTANE CIGARETTE LIGHTER, BASF SAYS. THE NANOCUBES PROVIDE CONTROLLED RELEASE OF THE HYDROGEN TO THE FUEL CELL, THE COMPANY SAYS. THE HYDROGEN-FED
- CHEVRONTEXACO
- DOW CHEMICAL CO.
- DOW CHEMICAL CO.
- EXXONMOBIL
- IMPERIAL CHEMICALS INDUSTRIES PLC (ICI)
- METHANEX CORP.
- SHELL HYDROGEN
COMPONENT TEST EQUIPMENT
- WAYNE KERR ELECTRONINCS INC.
COMPONENT AND SYSTEMS MANUFACTURERS
- ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES INC.
- HYDROGEN BURNER TECHNOLOGY
- ITEM
COMPRESSORS AND COMPRESSION MACHINERY
- KAESER COMPRESSORS
- US EQUIPMENT CO., INC.
CORROSION CONTROL
- BETZDEARBORN HYDROCARBON PROCESS GROUP (GE BETZ)
- DEHYDRATION EQUIPMENT
  - GASTECH
- ELECTRONICS PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING
- SKYWORKS SOLUTIONS, INC.
- TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
- VITESSE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES PROVIDERS
- AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER
- CATALYTICA ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES INC.
- ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICES
- ENERGY INTERNATIONAL CORP.
- FMC CORP.
- H-PLUS ECO LTD
- POWER AIR CORPORATION
- POWER ENERGY FUELS, INC.
- STARTECH ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION
- SYNETIX
- TEXACO ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.
- U.S. MAGNEGAS, INC.
ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
- ADVANCED MACHINE & TOOL CORPORATION
- ATLANTA CHEMIE
- EMERSOM MOTORS
- LASER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- MOCAP INC.
- SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
- THE FABRI-FORM CO.
- WESTLAKE PLASTICS COMPANY
FILTERS AND FLOW CONTROL
- DONALDSON COMPANY, INC.
- PANAMETRICS, INC.
- QUESTAIR TECHNOLOGIES
- UNIVERSAL AIR FILTER COMPANY
INDUSTRIAL AND SPECIALTY GASES
- AIR LIQUIDE GROUP
- AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.
- AIRGAS INC.
- BOC GASES
- LINDE AG
- MESSER NIPPON SANSO
- PRAXAIR, INC.
HEAT EXCHANGE, HEAT CONTAINMENT/INSULATION
- ADSORPTIONCHILLER
- POLYGON COMPANY
- SPECIAL ELECTRIC CO., INC.
- ZIRCAR CERAMICS, INC.
LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT
- LACO TECHNOLOGIES
LICENSORS/ CONTRACTORS/ OPERATORS
- ALCHEMIX CORPORATION
- DOMNICK HUNTER PLC
- DYNECO CORPORATION
- ENERGETICS, INC.
- ENGINEERED GAS SYSTEMS (EGS)
- FUEL CELL COMPONENTS & INTEGRATORS, INC.
- FUEL CELL MATERIALS
- GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.
- HALDOR TOPSØE A/S
- ICM PLASTICS (IMPERIAL CUSTOM MOLDING, INC.)
- LACEY MANUFACTURING INC
- NEXTECH MATERIALS, LTD
- PALCAN FUEL CELLS LTD
- PATHWAY DESIGN & MANUFACTURING INC.
- RAGAN TECHNOLOGIES INC. (RTI)
- STONE & WEBSTER: THE SHAW GROUP
- STUART ENERGY SYSTEMS
- VOLTAIX, INC.
- WALLMAN DESENCE
MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEMS
- ECONOPIN
- FUEL CELL CONTROL LTD
- HEATTEK INC.
MATERIALS INTEGRATORS/ MANUFACTURERS AND TESTING
- ADAPTIVE MATERIALS INC.
- AVISTA LABORATORIES, INC.
- AVISTA LABS
- BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC./BALLARD GENERATION SYSTEMS INC.
- THE DAIS CORP.
- DCH TECHNOLOGY, INC.
- DUPONT FUEL CELLS, INC
- ELEMENT 1 POWER SYSTEMS, INC. (E1PS)
- ENERGETIC MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TESTING CENTRE (EMRTC)
- ENERGY RESEARCH CORP.
- ERGENICS, INC.
- FIBERCAST
- GORE FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES
- HYDROGENICS CORP.
- HYRADIX
- NEXTECH MATERIALS
- PLUG POWER, LLC
- PORVAIR FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY
- PORVAIR PLC
- PRED MATERIALS
- PROTON ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. (PES)
METAL FABRICATION & PRODUCTION
- AICHI STEEL WORKS
- MACSTEEL
- METERING, MIXING AND DISPENSING EQUIPMENT
- LIQUID CONTROL CORP.
- TSI
MONITORING SYSTEMS
- ADVANTECH
POLLUTION CONTROLS
- PHILLIPS & TEMRO INDUSTRIES
POWER SUPPLIES
- ADVANCED ENERGY SYSTEMS INC.
- AGILE SYSTEMS INC
- CUMMINS POWER CORPORATION
- E4 SOLUTIONS
- FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC
- ION POWER, INC.
- RBH ELECTRONIC DESIGNS (RBH)
- SMART POWER SYSTEMS
- ZAHN ELECTRONICS INC.
PUMPS, MIXERS
- SPX PROCESS EQUIPMENT
SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEMS
- COOPERINDUSTRIES CROUSE-HINDS DIV.
SEALS AND GASKETS
- SEALS EASTERN, INC.
SENSORS AND MONITORS
- SIERRA MONITOR CORP
STORAGE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES
- DYNETEK INDUSTRIES LTD
- TIANJIN HIGHLAND ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD
UNIVERSITIES AND GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES
- NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY (NREL)
- OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL)
- OFFICE OF PRODUCT MANAGEMENT FOR FUELS AND SPECIALTY MARKETS
- UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
- UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
VALVES, ACTUATORS, FITTINGS AND REGULATORS
- AGILE SYSTEMS INC.
- TESCOM, INC
VENDORS
- 3M FUEL CELL COMPONENTS PROGRAM
- BHAVYA TECH
- CRYOFUEL SYSTEMS, INC. (CFS)
- EVERWATT SYSTEMS, INC.
- EVIONYX, INC.
- H2 ECONOMY
- MCMILLIAN COMPANY
- NESSCAP CO., LTD
- REB RESEARCH & CONSULTING
- VERMONT FUEL CELL/DIVISION OF GICS
ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS
- DAIMLER
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
- ALBERTA RESEARCH COUNCLI
- ALLEGHENY LUDLUM CORPORATION
- AMERADA HESS CORPORATION
- ANUVU INC.
- ARTHUR D. LITTLE (ADL)
- ASPEN SYSTEMS INC
- ATOFINA CHEMICALS INC
- BC HYDRO POWERTECH LABS INC
- BLASCH PRECISION CERAMICS
- CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD
- CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
- CALIFORNIA FUEL CELL PARTNERSHIP
- CANMET ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTRE
- CATALYTICA ENERGY SYSTEMS
- DIAS-ANALYTIC CORPORATION E-TEK INC
- DYNETEK INDUDTRIES LTD
- ERGENICS INC
- E-TEK INC
- ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE MONTREAL
- EDISON TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS
- ENGELHARD CORPORATION
- EPRL SOLUTIONS
- GE FUEL CELL SYSTEMS
- GENERAL HYDROGEN CORPORATION
- GENERAL MOTORS (GM)
- GINER INC
- H POWER CORPORATION
- HARVEST ENERGY TECHNOLOGY INC
- HYDROGEN BURNER TECHNOLOGY
- IEEE
- IMPCO TECHNOLOGIES INC
- INSTITUTE DE RECHERCHE D' HYDRO-QUEBEEC (IREQ)
- JOHNSON MATTHEY INC (JM)
- LA DEPARTMENT OF WATER & POWER
- LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY (LLNL)
- MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MIT)
- MCMASTER UNIVERSITY
- MEDIS TECHNOLOGIES
- MILLENIUM CELL INC
- NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)
- NEW YORK STATE ENERGY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (NYSERDA)
- OCEAN POWER CORPORATION
- PLUG POWER INC
- PRAXAIR INC
- PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
- PROTON ENERGY SYSTEMS
- QUESTAIR TECHNOLOGIES INC
- ROYAL MILITARY COLLEGE OF CANADA
- SAMMER POWER SYSTEMS INC
- SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES
- SCHAFER CORPORATION
- SCHATZ ENERGY RESEARCH CENTER (SERC)
- SENSOR PRODUCTS INC
- SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY
- STUART ENERGY SYSTEMS
- SYNERGY TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
- THERMO TECHNOLOGIES
- UNIVERSITE DE QUEBEC A TROIS-RIVIERES
- UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
- U.S. COAST GUARD
- XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC.